COLONOSCOPY
COLONOSCOPY/SIGMOIDOSCOPY
Procedure of examining lower Gastro-intestinal tract with Colonoscope from anus to terminal ileum (last part of small intestine) through large intestine. Sigmoidoscopy is examination from anus to sigmoid colon (lower30-40 cm of large intestine) only.
Indications:
Diagnosis
❖ Occult or frank blood in stool
❖ Unexplained anemia
❖ Bloody diarrhoea
❖ Long standing diarrhoea or constipation
❖ Perianal symptoms like sinus, fistula
❖ For biopsy of tumor or polyp
❖ As a screening test for colon cancer
Therapuatic
❖ Polypectomy
❖ Removal of early cancers
❖ Injection sclerotherapy of Bleeding Piles
❖ Dilatation of strictures
❖ For homeostasis of lower GI Bleeding
Pre-procedure preparation:
The patient should stop taking solid or liquid diet 8 hours prior to the procedure. A bowel cleansing agent is given on the day of procedure to clean the bowel. The entire preparation takes around 5 hours. Once the stool is completely water like clear, the patient is taken up for the procedure. Do not take anti-diabetic medicines on the day of procedure.
Method
Colonoscope is a long, flexible tube about the thickness of index finger with the bright light at its tip. The video camera on the scope transmits images of the inside of the colon to a monitor allowing the physician to examine the lining of the colon checking for any disease or abnormality. Procedure is done in left lateral position. Sedation is optional. In the beginning, anal canal is lubricated with lignocaine gel. Colonoscope is inserted through anus into anal canal, rectum, sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon, cecum and terminal ileum. The doctor can take samples for diagnosis from the suspected tumor, polyp or ulcer during the procedure.
Complications & Drawbacks:
DEPT OF MEDICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
DR. K. K. RAWAL (MD, DM – GASTRO)
DR. AVVAL K. SADIKOT (MD, DNB-GASTRO)
DR. CHINTAN H. KANSAGRA (MD,DNB – GASTRO)
DR. CHINTAN M. MORI (MD,DNB – GASTRO)
